Paulo Carvalho
Assistant Professor
Studies learning science and AI-driven adaptive learning technologies.
Paulo Carvalho's lab at CMU works on interfaces & interaction techniques and learning & education technology. 50 papers since 2023, 3 at top venues, mostly CHI and PNAS. 4 PhD students. 9 alumni, most often to Lead AI/Learning Science Researcher. Applications close .
At a glance
- papers, 2023–2026
- 13/ year
- at T1 venues
- 6%
- PhD students
- 4
- MS students
- 0
- alumni listed
- 9
Papers by yearfrom the lab homepage, 2023–2026
- 22 papers2026 · T1 2 · collecting
- 18 papers2025 · T1 0
- 6 papers2024 · T1 0
- 4 papers2023 · T1 1
T1 venuesOtherVenues: CHI, PNAS, SIGCSE
Research focuspaper titles that use each topic's words
- Learning & education technology28 papers
- ai-driven1 paper
- Interfaces & interaction techniques0 papers
- adaptive learning0 papers
- studies learning0 papers
Paper list
From the lab homepage.
202622 papers
- AIED10th Educational Data Mining in Computer Science Education (CSEDM) Workshop (opens in a new tab)
- LAKActive Learning Beyond Borders: PEOE Enhancement of Explanatory Understanding in Japanese Undergraduates (opens in a new tab)
- LAKAI Knows Best? The Paradox of Expertise, AI-Reliance, and Performance in Educational Tutoring Decision-Making Tasks (opens in a new tab)
- AIEDAI or human? An open-source SDK and dashboard for detecting outsourced responding (opens in a new tab)
- Journal of Applied Research in Memory and CognitionBalancing Spacing and Repetition for Time-Constrained Learning (opens in a new tab)
- L@SBenefit or Bottleneck? Assessing the Impact of Structured Reflection on Learning from AI-Driven Explanatory Feedback (opens in a new tab)
- L@SCan Multilingual Environments Promote Scalable EdTech? Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial (opens in a new tab)
- Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological ScienceChatbots Are Undermining Crowdsourced Research in the Behavioral Sciences: Detecting AI-Assisted Cheating with a Keystroke-Based Tool (opens in a new tab)
- Educational Psychology ReviewConditions for Effective Learning Without Upfront Instruction: How Practice with Feedback Supports Memory, Generalization, Motivation, and Metacognition (opens in a new tab)
- CogSciEffectiveness and Efficiency of Multimedia Worked Examples vs. Practice with Feedback on Learning Problem Solving (opens in a new tab)
- AIEDEvaluating a data-driven redesign process for intelligent tutoring systems (opens in a new tab)
- Computer Applications in Engineering EducationExtended Reality in Higher Education: a Systematic Review on Simulation-Based Learning in Algorithm Education (opens in a new tab)
202518 papers
- CSEDM Workshop @ EDMCan Motivated Students Do More Activities? (opens in a new tab)
- International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in EducationCapturing Session-to-Session Dynamics of Learning and Forgetting: A Test of Existing Knowledge Tracing Models (opens in a new tab)
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: AppliedComparing generating predictions with retrieval practice as learning strategies for primary school children (opens in a new tab)
- Learn X DesignDesign futures pedagogy: Does the type of exercise, year of study, order, and number of exercises matter? (opens in a new tab)
- LAKDoes the doer effect generalize to non-WEIRD populations? Toward analytics in radio and phone-based learning (opens in a new tab)
- International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in EducationEvidence and theory for why the best example-problem ratio to optimize learning gain depends on knowledge content (opens in a new tab)
- EC-TELGoal setting engages more caregivers in online math homework than instructional support (opens in a new tab)
- AIEDIdentifying Effective Praise in Tutoring: Large Language Models with Transparent Explanations (opens in a new tab)
- AIEDInvolving parents in tutoring systems to increase content confidence: A design probe study (opens in a new tab)
- EDMKCluster: An LLM-based Clustering Approach to Knowledge Component Discovery (opens in a new tab)
- ICERModeling the Role of Graphical and Textual Complexity in Geometry Problem-Solving Using SEM (opens in a new tab)
- CogSciOptimizing Learning Efficiency: Balancing Spacing and Repetition Under Time Constraints (opens in a new tab)
20246 papers
- A/B Testing Workshop @ L@SAn Integrated Platform for Studying Learning with Intelligent Tutoring Systems: CTAT+TutorShop (opens in a new tab)
- EDMBeyond Accuracy: Embracing Meaningful Parameters in Educational Data Mining (opens in a new tab)
- L@SBeyond repetition: The role of varied questioning and feedback in knowledge generalization (opens in a new tab)
- LAK Companion ProceedingsFurther Evidence for Regularity in Student Learning Rates Across Demographic, Academic Proficiency, and Motivational Groups (opens in a new tab)
- Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain SciencesNo Simple Solutions to Complex Problems: Cognitive Science Principles Can Guide but Not Prescribe Educational Decisions (opens in a new tab)
- CogSciStudents Can Learn More Efficiently When Lectures Are Replaced with Practice Opportunities and Feedback (opens in a new tab)
20234 papers
- PNAS (T1)An Astonishing Regularity in Student Learning Rate (opens in a new tab)
- AIEDContent Matters: A Computational Investigation into the Effectiveness of Retrieval Practice and Worked Examples Best Paper Award (opens in a new tab)
- STPHow Students' Decisions to Space Their Practice are Related to Better Learning (opens in a new tab)
- EC-TELWhat Makes Problem-Solving Practice Effective? Comparing Paper and AI Tutoring (opens in a new tab)
Where alumni went9 listed, 50% to industry
Industry 1Academia 1
Most often to
- Lead AI/Learning Science Researcher
Also to
- Carnegie Mellon University
Apply to CMUFall 2027
CMU SCS Computer Science PhD
- Round
- Single round
- Opens
- GRE
- See program page
- English
- TOEFL / IELTS / Duolingo (F-1/J-1 non-native speakers)
- Fee
- USD 100 (USD 80 by early deadline)
Confirmed on the program page.
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6 T1
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